Dark Patterns Typology
157 deceptive patterns organised using the Leiser, 2022 model. Select a category from the navigation to explore patterns, or start with one of the two top-level categories below.
Free Choice Repression
Patterns that impose restrictions or barriers to performing actions that align with consumer interests. Commercial entities are incentivised to reduce consumer choices, directing them to perform only actions that contribute to the entity's profit margin.
Information Asymmetry
Patterns that exploit the gap between what a commercial entity knows and what the consumer knows. The commercial entity controls the flow of information — changing, hiding, or delaying it in ways that serve their interests at the expense of the consumer.